|
California oak woodland is a plant community found throughout the California chaparral and woodlands ecoregion of California in the United States and northwestern Baja California in Mexico. Oak woodland is widespread at lower elevations in coastal California; in interior valleys of the Coast Ranges, Transverse Ranges and Peninsular Ranges; and in a ring around the California Central Valley grasslands. The dominant trees are oaks, interspersed with other broadleaf and coniferous trees, with an understory of grasses, herbs, geophytes, and California native plants. Oak savannas occur where the oaks are more widely spaced due a combination of lack of available moisture, and low-intensity frequent fires. The oak woodlands of Southern California and coastal Northern California are dominated by coast live oak (''Quercus agrifolia''), but also include valley oak (''Q. lobata''), California black oak (''Q. kelloggii''), canyon live oak (''Q. chrysolepis''), and other California oaks. The foothill oak woodlands around the Central Valley are dominated by blue oak (''Q. douglasii'') and gray pine (''Pinus sabiniana''). ==California oak woodland communities== * Oregon oak woodland is found in Northern California's Klamath-Siskiyou, Northern Coast Ranges, and southern Cascade Range, these woodlands are composed primarily of Oregon oak (''Q. garryana''), interior live oak (''Q. wislizeni''), and coast live oak, together with California black oak, canyon live oak, blue oak, Pacific madrone (''Arbutus menziesii''), California bay (''Umbellularia californica''), incense cedar (''Calocedrus decurrens''), coast Douglas fir (''Pseudotsuga menziesii'' var.'' menziesii''), and ponderosa Pine (''Pinus ponderosa''). * Blue oak woodland is found in the inner coast ranges and the Sierra Nevada foothills, surrounding the Central Valley.〔C. Michael Hogan (2008) (''Blue Oak: Quercus douglasii'', GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg )〕 Primary species are blue oak and interior live oak (or on west facing slopes facing the exterior ranges, particularly in Contra Costa and Alameda counties, coast live oak takes interior live oak's place), together with valley oak, canyon live oak, California scrub oak (''Q. berberidifolia''), gray pine, California buckeye (''Aesculus californica''), and western redbud (''Cercis occidentalis''). * Coast live oak woodland is widespread in northern and southern California, and is dominated by coast live oak, together with California buckeye, Pacific madrone, California bay, and California walnut (''Juglans californica''). * Valley oak woodland is found in the interior valleys of northern, central and southern California, and is dominated by valley oak and coast live oak, together with gray pine and Coulter pine (''Pinus coulteri''). * Island oak woodland is found on the California Channel Islands, and is made up primarily of island oak (''Q. tomentella'') and coast live oak, together with canyon live oak, MacDonald scrub oak (''Q. berberidifolia'') hybridized with valley or other oaks), Catalina ironwood (''Lyonothamnus floribundus''), and bishop pine (''Pinus muricata''). * Engelmann oak woodland is found in a few locations in the northern Peninsular Ranges of Southern California, including the Santa Rosa Plateau and San Gabriel Mountains foothills. It consists mostly of Engelmann oak (''Q. engelmannii'') together with coast live oak. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「California oak woodland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|